The document discusses lipids and provides information about them over several pages. It defines lipids as a group of chemically different biological molecules that are soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. It lists several key functions of lipids, including forming cell membranes, storing energy, integrating cell structures in the nervous system, and involvement in intracellular chemical processes. The document also includes pages about lipid extraction techniques and saponification reactions.

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Page 1QUIMICA
LOS LIPIDOS
ALUMNO:
DIEGO CURA IXBA

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Page 2
LOS LIPIDOS:
Grupo de moléculas
biológicas químicamente
diferentes, que poseen en
común la propiedad de ser
solubles en solventes
orgánicos e insolubles en
agua

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Page 3
LOS LIPIDOS:
FUNCIÓN:
Forman membrana celulares
 Almacenan energía
 Integran estructuras celulares del
sistema nervioso
 Intervienen en procesos químicos
intracelulares
Constituyen algunas vitaminas (A, E y
K)
 Forman ciertas Hormonas
 Constituyen algunos pigmentos

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Page 4

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Page 5

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Page 6
Tratamiento con
NaOH en caliente
Tejido o producto
biológico
Extracción con
ClCH3 - C6H14
Fase
acuosa
Fase
orgánica
Extracción acuosa
Fase orgánica:
residuo insaponificable
Fase acuosa: componentes
de lípidos saponificables
Saponificación

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Page 7
R CO O CH2
CH + 3NaOHOCOR
CH2OCOR
3 R-COONa + HOCH
CH2OH
CH2OH
Reacción de saponificación