El documento discute cómo la implicación y la falta de implicación conducen a experiencias óptimas a lo largo de la vida. También analiza las transiciones evolutivas normativas y no normativas y cómo la experiencia óptima puede estabilizar, restaurar y transformar a las personas durante estos cambios. Además, explora conceptos como el flujo, el ocio serio, el compromiso duradero y el saborear experiencias positivas.
Los avatares para el juego dramático en entornos virtuales
Ponencia inaugural
1. ENGAGEMENT, DISENGAGEMENT, AND DEVELOPMENTAL TRANSITIONS DOUGLAS KLEIBER UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA OCIOGUNE – JUNE 9, 2011 Optimal Experience across the Lifespan:
2. IMPLICARSE —O NO— Y TRANSICIONES EVOLUTIVAS DOUGLAS KLEIBER UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, EEUU OCIOGUNE – 9 de Junio de 2011 Experiencia óptima a lo largo de la vida:
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5. Altos Bajos DESTREZAS o HABILIDADES Altas RETOS Preocupación Ansiedad Excitación ( arousal ) Apatía Aburrimiento Control Relajación Flujo Bajas
11. VIII Maturity Ego Integrity VS. Despair VII Adulthood Generativity VS. Stagnation VI Young Adulthood Intimacy VS. Isolation V Puberty & Adolescence Identity VS. Role Confusion IV Latency Industry VS. Interiority III Middle Childhood Initiative VS. Guilt II Early Childhood Autonomy VS. Shame, Doubt I Infancy Basic Trust VS. Mistrust 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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Notas del editor
You know it’s not all about flow – leisure that is; but is flow the best representation of the best of leisure, the leisure ideal? Title of session – “the” [ideal] leisure experience - flow – effortful enjoyment; enjoyable engagement The ideal work experience Other ways in which ideal/optimal might be considered vs valorizing flow…the tapestry is heavily laden with the thread of flow; time for some new one Also – some risks associated with intense involvement and flow Implications for practice
You know it’s not all about flow – leisure that is; but is flow the best representation of the best of leisure, the leisure ideal? Title of session – “the” [ideal] leisure experience - flow – effortful enjoyment; enjoyable engagement The ideal work experience Other ways in which ideal/optimal might be considered vs valorizing flow…the tapestry is heavily laden with the thread of flow; time for some new one Also – some risks associated with intense involvement and flow Implications for practice
. In Asian countries for example, preferred experiences are more likely to be associated with lower challenge, with relaxation, and also with sociability than is normally the case in western cultures (Tsai et al, 2006; Walker, 2010). The emphasis on a more relaxed posture comes from ancient historical traditions, such as those associated with Taoism, that value such things as slowness, softness, and yielding (Liu et al, 2008). Furthermore, Tsai and her colleagues (2006) have reported on a considerable amount of research establishing that ideal affect in eastern societies is more likely to be associated with low challenge than excitement whereas the reverse is more common in western cultures. Where skill and challenge are not of particular importance Opening up…”ebb theory” - disengagement
stimulated by activities that have some connection to one’s existing dispositions and interests, as a kind of extensive process of self-discovery, or it may come about in response to attractive images that are entirely new, seeing someone else obviously enjoying an unfamiliar activity, for example (Waterman). Connection to identity formation – experimentation and imagination part of exploration in Marcia’s exploration-commitment dialectic. Play as a critical part of the process
This analysis suggested that there are two archetypes of innovation. Self-reinvention Innovation (SRI) usually results from a new activity that had nothing in common with the person's history. It represents a brand new direction/role and a new perception of the self. To a certain extent, its impact on the participant can be described as self-reinvention. Self-preservation Innovation (SPI) characterizes activities that, while new, are consistent with old interests, skills and/or relationships. Those activities may be a new path of an old activity, a substitution for activity that is no longer available, development of new skills in order to pursue old interests, etc. The benefit of such innovation may be a sense of renewal; however, there is internal continuity in the self-perception and preservation of old roles and interests.