III Congreso "Las Mejores Prácticas SIBRT en América Latina" - Belo Horizonte - 2013 DOWNLOAD PRESENTATION: www.congresosibrt.org

1. SIBRT Latin American Conference –
Belo Horizonte 2013
4th - 7th June 2013

2. Mohinder Singh
Dean, LTA Academy
Institutional Management Of The
Singapore Mobility System
Mohinder Singh
Dean, LTA Academy
Singapore

3. • Overview of Singapore’s Land Transport
System
• Transport Polices and Strategies
• Integrated Master Planning & Development
• Institutional Integration
• Integration of Transport Modes & Systems
Outline of Presentation

4. Location of Singapore
Singapore

5.  5.3 million people
Singapore
 714 sq km

6. Land Transport
Road Network
- Expressway Network
Vehicle Population
Car Population
MRT
LRT
Buses
Taxis
3,426 km
161 km
970, 000
620,000
148.9km
28.8 km
4,200
28,000
As at end 2012

7. 0.9 million 2.6 million 3.5 million
Daily Taxi
trips
Daily Rail
trips
Daily Bus
trips
Passenger Transport Mode Share
Average daily travel figures for the year 2012
Total PT Trips – 7.0 million

8. Transport Policies & Strategies

9. Integrate
transport and
land use planning
Develop
road network
and maximise
its capacity
Manage
private transport
demand
Improve
public transport
Land Transport Strategies

10. Managing Private Transport
Demand
• Raising the costs of Vehicle Ownership
• Charging for Road Usage
Usage
Restraint
Ownership
Control
Not Economically nor environmentally sustainable to keep
building roads to meet the ever increasing demand for road space!

11. Usage
Restraint
Ownership
Control
Demand Management
 Ownership Measures:
 Vehicle Quota System
 Other Ownership Costs
 Additional Registration Fee
 Excise Duty
 Road Tax
 Usage Measures:
 Road Pricing

12. Road Pricing: Area Licensing Scheme (ALS)
Restricted
Zone
Ang Mo Kio
CB
D
Bukit
Timah
Ang Mo Kio
CBD
Bukit
Timah
• Implemented in 1975
• Reduced traffic entering the
Restricted Zone (RZ)

13. 65 kph45 kph
Increase
ERP rate
Decrease
ERP rate
Expressways
30 kph20 kph
Increase
ERP rate
Decrease
ERP rate
Arterial Roads
Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)
 ERP Rates reviewed every 3 months
 To ensure optimal use of road space
 ERP is a congestion management
tool which optimises the use of
road capacity through the pricing
of roads
 Flexible – rates vary by
location/time, based on local
traffic conditions
 Equitable – motorists pay for
congestion costs imposed on
others or choose to travel at
different time/route/use public
transport

14. Integrated Master Planning & Development

15.  Transport systems have always influenced the urban structure
of cities
 Public transport shaped cities at the end of 19th and beginning
of 20th century
 Dense and compact city centres
 Street grids and buildings oriented towards public transport
 Outward growth along railway lines and tramways
Transport and Urban Planning

16.  In the last 50 – 80 years, a tremendous increase in the use of
the private car.
 Parallel development of road infrastructure and parking spaces
 urban and suburban development along highway corridors
 dispersed, low density, segregated uses
 urban sprawl
 Little regard for public transport
Transport and Urban Planning

17.  Classical model of sustainable urban development typically
features:
 Urban development clustered along transit lines
 Pyramids of local density rising to peaks around public
transport stations
 Stations served as locations for concentration of public and
private services, and hubs for employment
Integrating Transport and Urban Planning

18. • In 1967, the government commissioned the State
and City Planning (SCP) project to examine
urban planning and transportation development
• 4 year planning and studying process led to the
1971 Concept Plan - Singapore’s first integrated
land use and transport development plan
Integrating Transport & Urban Planning - Singapore

19.  Concept Plan
 Transportation Plan
Integrating Transport and Urban Planning - Singapore

20. Integrated Planning - SCP Concept Plan 1972
 Blueprint to guide physical
development
 Developments in ring pattern
around Central Catchment
 Road and rail network
connects developments
around the island

21. Integrated Planning
1972
Concept Plan1991
• Long range plans
• Reviewed every 10 years
• Include long term road and rail plans

22. Planning Process
Planning
Feasibility Studies
Concept Plan
Master Plan
Road Development
Program
Rail Lines
Implementation Plan
Long term plans
Medium term plans
Near term plans
40 – 50 years
10-15 years
5-10 years
Bus routes and
infrastructure
development
Taking a Strategic Long Term View

23. Integrated Planning
• Increase commuters’
walkability and accessibility
• Reduce need of car
dependency
• Promote high density,
compact public transport-
centric urban fabric
• Safeguard future transport
corridors
Integration of Transport and Housing estates

24. The New Downtown in
Marina Bay

25. International
Passenger
Terminal
Marina
Barrage
Singapore
Flyer
Business & Financial Centre
Golf Course
Sands Integrated Resort
Singapore
Botanic
Gardens 2

26. DTE
Marina Coastal
Expressway
CCL
Marina Bay bridge
Promenade station
Possibility of trams
Esplanade
Bayfront
Landmark
Cross Street

27. Institutional Management
Land Transport Sector
Public Transport
Council (PTC)
Maritime Port
Authority (MPA)
Civil Aviation Authority of
Singapore (CAAS)
Land Transport
Authority (LTA)
Ministry of Transport (MOT)

28. Land Transport Authority
• Established in 1995
• Vision: A People-centred land transport
system
• Mission: To provide an efficient and cost-
effective land transport system for different
needs
• Rationale:
- A single authority to coordinate Singapore’s
transport plans (private and public transport)
and infrastructure building

29. Public Transport Council (PTC)
• An independent body established in 1987
• Members are from a wide spectrum of society
• Regulates
• bus service
• bus service operators
• ticket payment services
• bus & rapid transit system fares

30. Public Transport Development

31. Rapid Transit Network – Today (178 km)

32. 0.0
0.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
0
40
80
120
160
200
1986 1990 1996 1999 2001 2003 2007 2009 2010 2011 June
2012
Ridership(Millions)
RTS Ridership RTS Stations (as-built) RTS Length (km)
RTSLength&NumberofStations
RTS Network & Ridership

33. Existing
East
North
West
North-East
In progress
NEL
Central Region
Downtown Line
Thomson Line
Eastern
Region LineTuas Extension
Circle Line
By 2020
NSL
EWL
2020 RTS Network
Length 278 km
North South
Line Extension
Rail Network by 2020

34. Existing Rail Lines
34Newly Announced Rail Lines
Land Transport Master Plan 2008 Rail Lines
178 km today 360 km by 2030
8 in 10 households within a 10-
minute walk of a rail station
Rail Network by 2030
5-minute walk to a rail station
within the city centre

35. Integration of Transport Modes & Systems

36.  Rail:
 Operators compete for rights to operate new lines
 Duopoly
 Dominated by 2 multi-modal operators, SMRT & SBST
 No Operational subsidy
 Operators can internalise cross-subsidies between
profitable & non-profitable modes & services
 Bus:
 Operators assigned Areas of Responsibilities (AoRs)
PT Industry Structure

37. Rapid Transit System
• MRT serves the heavy transit corridors
• 2 RTS Operators - SMRT & SBS Transit
• 178 km of MRT & LRT Lines
• Fares and services are regulated
34,3
45,6
55,1
31,1
34,5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Singapore New York London Hong Kong Tokyo
Rail Density (km/ mil ppl)
Note: Data as of 2010-2011
Comparison of Rail Density
Singapore vs Other Cities

38. • Provide comprehensive coverage
• 2 bus operators - SMRT Buses &
SBS Transit
– Assigned areas of responsibility
• > 340 scheduled services
• > 4,000 fleet
• Fares and service are regulated
Buses

39. The Role of Buses
HDB Towns Transport Hub City
Town A
Town B
Town C
• Feeder to/from MRT
• Long-haul journeys in corridors not yet
well served by MRT
• Serve local needs or short journeys

40. • Physical Integration
• Integration of Transport Modes
• Fare Integration
• Information Integration
Integrating Public Transport

41. • A mix of uses
• High density
• Good connectivity
• Transportation Choices
• High quality design
PUNGGOL LRT SYSTEM ROUTE
Integrating transit with developments

42. Sengkang Interchange
SKLRT
NEL
Compass Point
SKG Bus Interchange
Compass Height
Sengkang Town Centre – an integrated transport hub

43. Sengkang Interchange (cross section)
Bus Interchange
MRT
LRT Commercial
Residential
Activity Plaza
Concourse

44. 20
Future Clementi Hub
(artist impression)
Ang Mo Kio Hub
Sengkang
Joo Koon
Jurong East
Ang Mo Kio
Bedok
Toa Payoh
Serangoon
Clementi
Boon Lay
Marina South
Sengkang
Toa Payoh
Ang Mo Kio
Boon Lay
Clementi
Future
Bedok
Serangoon
Joo Koon
Jurong East
Marina South
Integrated Public Transport Hubs

45. • Transit stations are designed to integrate
physically with or connected to other transport
facilities.
• Includes bus interchanges, taxi stands and pick
up/drop off points
• Transfer between modes made as “seamless”
and as sheltered as possible
• Network Integration – bus and rail systems
should be an integrated network
• Integrated Fare System
Integrating Transport Modes

46. Integrated Fare System
Entry and exit at rail stations
Bus boarding & alighting
• Enhanced Integrated Fare System (EIFS)
– implemented in 2002
• Contactless smart cards for RTS and
public bus fare collection
• Non-transit applications. E.g. retail
purchases
• Distance Fares

47.  Distance Fares was implemented on 3 July 2010
after extensive public communications exercise
 Fares are charged on the basis of journey
distance with no transfer penalty
 Commuters who make transfers now pay lower
fares when they travel the same route
 Removal of transfer penalty encourages
commuters to make transfers if it shortens the
journey distance, because they pay lower fares.
Distance Fares

48. Integrated Public Transport Service Information
MyTransport.SG
•One Stop E-channel for Integrated Public Transport and Motoring Information/Services
• Portal groups transport information according to the travel profiles of commuters
•More than 20 mobile applications are available for download
•Third-party developers able to tap on Singapore’s transport, traffic and geospatial data
Better Services
• Expand Real Time Bus Arrival
Information on SMS
• Through Internet
• Through hotlines
Travel Information System

49. Barrier-Free Accessibility
 MRT network
 Fully accessible to people with
special mobility needs
 Additional lifts at stations
 Wheelchair accessible public
buses
 Introduced in 2006
 By 2020: 100%
 Barrier free road facilities
 All pedestrian walkways,
access to MRT stations, taxi &
bus shelters, and public roads
will be barrier free

50.  Public transport is important in providing
access to jobs
 Public Transport Council (PTC)
 Regulate fares through fare cap
formula
 Tracks proportion of household
income spent on public transport to
ensure affordability
 Targeted help for our lower-income
families
 Community schemes such as transport
vouchers
Affordable Public Transport

51.  Walking – Pedestrian and commuter
facilities
 Walk2Ride
 Sheltered linkways
 Lifts at pedestrian overhead bridges
 Enhancing overall walking experience
 Cycling
 Provide more and better
bicycle lanes,
 Parking facilities at public
transport
 Allow foldable bicycles on
trains and buses
Non-Motorised Transport

52. Thank you