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RCP en embarazo
&
Cesárea peri - mortem
El por qué de la carnicería…
Dr. Nicolás Pineda
Director Asociado programa MUE USS – CSM
Residente SUAO Hospital San Juan de Dios
Vía aérea
Circulación
Edema mucosas, friable
Reserva funcional <25%
Compliance torácica
Gasto cardíaco(GC) aumentado
Útero = 15 – 20% GC
Anemia fisiológica
Taquicardia & hipotensión
fisiológica
Otros
pH gástrico
Consumo oxígeno
aumentado
Feto
Hipoxia
Hipercarbia
Acidosis
Coagulación
Alto riesgo enfermedad
tromboembólica
Adulto
enfermo
Niño
sano
Adulto
obeso
Adulto
normal
Hipoxia…
Embarazada
3er trimestre
Compresión aorto - cava
> 20 semanas
Compresión directa de aorta (Ao) & vena cava
inferior (VCI)
– Empeora en decúbito supino
– Mejora en decúbito lateral izq.
75 – 80% GC
VCI
Ao
Todo se traduce en…
• Desaturación más rápida
• Masaje inefectivo
– <10% GC
• Menor retorno venoso
• Shunt uterino
• Vía aérea dificil
• Estómago lleno
Feto tolera pésimo:
– Hipoxia/hipercarbia
– Acidosis
¿Entonces?
Se agresivo en el tratamiento y
diagnóstico con la embarazada enferma
Bajo umbral gatillar
conductas
Imágenesfluidos hemoderivados
Recuerden
La única manera de ayudar al feto es
tratando a la madre
OK, hicimos todo lo posible, pero la cosa
se pone fea… nuestra embarazada
ahora está en paro….
¿Ahora que?
Embarazada en paro
T= 0
T= 4 min
T= 5 min
Masaje cardiaco externo
Manejo vía aérea precoz
¿Edad gestacional > 20 sem?
¿Útero arriba del ombligo?
Continuar RCP, lateralizar útero
Preparar Cesárea peri – mortem
S.O.S:
Cirugía – Gine
Neonato
1 paciente
Continuar reanimación
¿Retorno circulación espontanea?
Cesárea peri - mortem
Reanimación
fetalContinuar RCP
NO
SÍ
Reanimación… algunas diferencias
Útero sobre el ombligo
Edad Gestacional
Cesárea peri - mortem
El procedimiento que nadie quiere hacer
Extracción fetal con madre en paro reciente
Más importante que COMO:
CUANDOPOR QUEQUIEN
Considerar hacerla en toda embarazada
> 20 semanas
Hacerla temprano
– “regla de los 4 minutos”
1986
Casos reportados entre 1986 – 2004
38 casos
Perimortem cesarean delivery: Were our
assumptions correct?
Vern Katz, MD,a,
* Keith Balderston, MD,a
Melissa DeFreest, MDb
Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Sacred Heart M edical Center,a
and Department of
Obstetrics/Gynecology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Eugene, ORb
KEY WORDS
M aternal mortality
Perimortem cesarean
section
Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation
Objective: The recommendation to perform a perimortem cesarean delivery within 4 minutes of
maternal cardiac arrest was introduced in 1986. This recommendation was based on the
assumptions that cardiopulmonary resuscitation is ineffective in the third trimester because of
aortocaval compression, and that fetal and perhaps maternal outcomes would be optimized by
timely delivery. Our objective was to review the outcomes of perimortem cesarean deliveries to
attempt to validate those assumptions.
Study design: Ovid M EDLINE searches using maternal mortality, cardiopulmonary resuscita-
tion, perimortem cesarean delivery, heart attack, and cardiac arrest from 1985 until 2004.
Citations from bibliographies of identified publications were perused and cross-referenced for
other potential articles. Case reports were included for analysis when mothers had complete
cardiopulmonary arrest, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation had been initiated before cesarean
delivery.
Results: There were 38 cases of perimortem cesarean delivery identified; 34 infants survived (3
sets of twins, 1 set of triplets); 4 other infants survived initially, but died several days after the
deliveries from complications of prematurity and anoxia. Of the 34 infants (25-42 weeks’
gestation), time of delivery after maternal cardiac arrest was available for 25. Eleven infants were
delivered within 5 minutes, 4 were delivered from 6 to 10 minutes, 2 were delivered from 11 to 15
minutes, and 7 were delivered more than 15 minutes. Of 20 perimortem cesarean deliveries with
potentially resuscitatable causes, 13 mothers were resuscitated and discharged from the hospital
in good condition. One other mother was successfully resuscitated after the delivery, but died
within 24 hours from complications related to her amniotic fluid embolism. In 12 of 18 reports
that documented hemodynamic status, cesarean delivery preceded return of maternal pulse and
blood pressure, often in a dramatic fashion. Eight other cases noted improvement in maternal
status. Importantly, in no case was there deterioration of the maternal condition with the
cesarean delivery. We wish to emphasize the large selection bias in this data.
Conclusion: Published reports from 20 years support, but fall far from proving, that perimortem
cesarean delivery within 4 minutes of maternal cardiac arrest improves maternal and neonatal
outcomes.
Ó 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2005) 192, 1916–21
Neonatos
Muertos
Vivos
Madres
Muertas
Vivas
A quien le importa?
Sesgo de Publicación
¿Por qué hacerla?
Única chance de sobrevida para el feto
4 minutos de anoxia, daño neurológico irreversible
Mientras antes parece mejor
Retorno circulación espontánea de la madre
Vaciar el útero: descomprimir VCI, aumenta la precarga
20% CO
El debate
Nunca debe realizarse fuera de pabellón y por un
médico no especialista en acto quirúrgico
Consentimiento de los padres
Temor a la demanda
Tiempo
Procedimiento de emergencia
Hasta hoy no hay demandas
Qué necesitas?
Big
Cojones
Cómo?
Cómo?
Simulated Crash C- Section on Vimeo
Únete Acceder Crear Ver Subir
La línea de
fondo
La embarazada no
está preparada para
tolerar el shock
Interrumpir el embarazo
aumenta retorno
circulación espontánea
de la madre
La única manera de
ayudar al feto es
tratando a la madre
Embarazada en paro
>20 semanas =
guagua fuera al 5to
minuto
www.facebook.com/mue.cl
www.mue.cl
mue.mobapp.at

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#CABAS2015 RCP embarazo, Valdivia

  • 1. RCP en embarazo & Cesárea peri - mortem El por qué de la carnicería… Dr. Nicolás Pineda Director Asociado programa MUE USS – CSM Residente SUAO Hospital San Juan de Dios
  • 2. Vía aérea Circulación Edema mucosas, friable Reserva funcional <25% Compliance torácica Gasto cardíaco(GC) aumentado Útero = 15 – 20% GC Anemia fisiológica Taquicardia & hipotensión fisiológica Otros pH gástrico Consumo oxígeno aumentado Feto Hipoxia Hipercarbia Acidosis Coagulación Alto riesgo enfermedad tromboembólica
  • 4. Compresión aorto - cava > 20 semanas Compresión directa de aorta (Ao) & vena cava inferior (VCI) – Empeora en decúbito supino – Mejora en decúbito lateral izq. 75 – 80% GC VCI Ao
  • 5. Todo se traduce en… • Desaturación más rápida • Masaje inefectivo – <10% GC • Menor retorno venoso • Shunt uterino • Vía aérea dificil • Estómago lleno Feto tolera pésimo: – Hipoxia/hipercarbia – Acidosis
  • 6. ¿Entonces? Se agresivo en el tratamiento y diagnóstico con la embarazada enferma Bajo umbral gatillar conductas Imágenesfluidos hemoderivados
  • 7. Recuerden La única manera de ayudar al feto es tratando a la madre
  • 8. OK, hicimos todo lo posible, pero la cosa se pone fea… nuestra embarazada ahora está en paro…. ¿Ahora que?
  • 9. Embarazada en paro T= 0 T= 4 min T= 5 min Masaje cardiaco externo Manejo vía aérea precoz ¿Edad gestacional > 20 sem? ¿Útero arriba del ombligo? Continuar RCP, lateralizar útero Preparar Cesárea peri – mortem S.O.S: Cirugía – Gine Neonato 1 paciente Continuar reanimación ¿Retorno circulación espontanea? Cesárea peri - mortem Reanimación fetalContinuar RCP NO SÍ
  • 11. Útero sobre el ombligo Edad Gestacional
  • 12. Cesárea peri - mortem El procedimiento que nadie quiere hacer Extracción fetal con madre en paro reciente Más importante que COMO: CUANDOPOR QUEQUIEN
  • 13. Considerar hacerla en toda embarazada > 20 semanas Hacerla temprano – “regla de los 4 minutos” 1986
  • 14. Casos reportados entre 1986 – 2004 38 casos Perimortem cesarean delivery: Were our assumptions correct? Vern Katz, MD,a, * Keith Balderston, MD,a Melissa DeFreest, MDb Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Sacred Heart M edical Center,a and Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Eugene, ORb KEY WORDS M aternal mortality Perimortem cesarean section Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Objective: The recommendation to perform a perimortem cesarean delivery within 4 minutes of maternal cardiac arrest was introduced in 1986. This recommendation was based on the assumptions that cardiopulmonary resuscitation is ineffective in the third trimester because of aortocaval compression, and that fetal and perhaps maternal outcomes would be optimized by timely delivery. Our objective was to review the outcomes of perimortem cesarean deliveries to attempt to validate those assumptions. Study design: Ovid M EDLINE searches using maternal mortality, cardiopulmonary resuscita- tion, perimortem cesarean delivery, heart attack, and cardiac arrest from 1985 until 2004. Citations from bibliographies of identified publications were perused and cross-referenced for other potential articles. Case reports were included for analysis when mothers had complete cardiopulmonary arrest, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation had been initiated before cesarean delivery. Results: There were 38 cases of perimortem cesarean delivery identified; 34 infants survived (3 sets of twins, 1 set of triplets); 4 other infants survived initially, but died several days after the deliveries from complications of prematurity and anoxia. Of the 34 infants (25-42 weeks’ gestation), time of delivery after maternal cardiac arrest was available for 25. Eleven infants were delivered within 5 minutes, 4 were delivered from 6 to 10 minutes, 2 were delivered from 11 to 15 minutes, and 7 were delivered more than 15 minutes. Of 20 perimortem cesarean deliveries with potentially resuscitatable causes, 13 mothers were resuscitated and discharged from the hospital in good condition. One other mother was successfully resuscitated after the delivery, but died within 24 hours from complications related to her amniotic fluid embolism. In 12 of 18 reports that documented hemodynamic status, cesarean delivery preceded return of maternal pulse and blood pressure, often in a dramatic fashion. Eight other cases noted improvement in maternal status. Importantly, in no case was there deterioration of the maternal condition with the cesarean delivery. We wish to emphasize the large selection bias in this data. Conclusion: Published reports from 20 years support, but fall far from proving, that perimortem cesarean delivery within 4 minutes of maternal cardiac arrest improves maternal and neonatal outcomes. Ó 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2005) 192, 1916–21 Neonatos Muertos Vivos Madres Muertas Vivas
  • 15. A quien le importa? Sesgo de Publicación
  • 16. ¿Por qué hacerla? Única chance de sobrevida para el feto 4 minutos de anoxia, daño neurológico irreversible Mientras antes parece mejor Retorno circulación espontánea de la madre Vaciar el útero: descomprimir VCI, aumenta la precarga 20% CO
  • 17. El debate Nunca debe realizarse fuera de pabellón y por un médico no especialista en acto quirúrgico Consentimiento de los padres Temor a la demanda Tiempo Procedimiento de emergencia Hasta hoy no hay demandas
  • 20. Cómo? Simulated Crash C- Section on Vimeo Únete Acceder Crear Ver Subir
  • 21.
  • 22. La línea de fondo La embarazada no está preparada para tolerar el shock Interrumpir el embarazo aumenta retorno circulación espontánea de la madre La única manera de ayudar al feto es tratando a la madre Embarazada en paro >20 semanas = guagua fuera al 5to minuto