This document discusses the history and theories of translation. It covers the origins of translation in ancient Mesopotamia, early representatives like St. Jerome who introduced concepts like free translation, and historical periods from the Middle Ages to the 20th century when translation emerged as a discipline. It also lists many important figures in translation theory from the 20th century onwards, including Nida, Toury, Reiss, and Nord, who have contributed to the development of translation studies.

1. Translation
Discipline
Art
Science ( Human Sciences)
Science and Technique
( natural phenomenon) (development of a human task)

2.  Translation
Interpretation
Written Discourse
Oral Discourse
( Trouchement, Hermes, Herodo
Differences

3.  Translation and interpretation born of a
commercial trade need
 Akkadians ( language spoken in old
Mesopotamia) and Sumerians( first
settlers of the Persian Gulf)
Origin

4.  Cicero (106 B.C)
Verbum Pro verbo (literally,
Word for word)
LITERAL TRANSLATION FREE
TRANSLATION
Loyal to lyrics( Horacio) Loyal to spirit
Representatives in Translation

5.  St. Jerome: father of translation
 Pope Damasus asked St. Jerome to
translate the Bible into Latin
 St. Jerome introduced the term sense
(free translation)
Representatives in Translation

6.  Newmark
 Taber (1959)
 Jackobson (1959)
 Nida (1964)
 Halliday y Hassan
 Bertrand Russell
 Wuster
 David Bergen
 Chesterman
 Lorcher
 Harris and Sherwood
 Viney y Dalbernet
 Toury
 Reiss
 Delisle
 Vermeer
 Catford
 Wills
 Koller
 Rabadan
Representatives in Translation

7.  Medieval: Middle ages, time for oppression
 Reinassance: ( XVII): no fidelity to lyrics
( Amos, Ben Johnson, Chapman)
. XVIII century: proliferation of languages, interest for
dictionaries
. Concept of traductology in XVIII century, England:
reflection on theory of translation; features: fidelity,
sense, spirit, author’s style, clarity in TT
Scheleiermarcher got worried about TT (XIX century)
Goethe: Translator’s creatitvity role
half of XX century: translation as a discipline
Historical Periods of Translation

8.  Amaparo Hurtado(2001)Representative in
traductology
 Christianne Nord
 Anabel Borja
 Maria Teresa Cabré: TCT (1999)
 Ema Camacho Mejía
 Roberto Mayoral
 Ada Franzoni
 Carmen Falzoi
 Vásquez Ayora
 Humberto Ecco
Modern Theories in Translation

11. Thanks!