Grammar BookAna Buckner
Table of ContentsSerEstarHacer ExpressionsVerbs like gustarPreteriteTrigger WordsCar, Gar, ZarSpock VerbsSnakesSnakeysDOPsCommandsIrregularsIopsSe Impersonal
Ser¿Que Es?¿De dóndees?¿Como es?¿Quehoraes?¿Quehace?SER¿Quienes?¿De quienes?¿Cuando/dondees?¿Quediaeshoy?
¿Como Estas?Estar¿Como Estas?¿DondeEstas?ESTAR¿Como Esta?¿QueEstasHaciendo?ar – andoer/ir- endo       -yendo
Hacer ExpressionsPresent tenseSince and forPreterite tenseagoHace+time+que+verbHacetresdíasquetieneproblemas con pelo de chicoborracho
Verbs like GustarMe gusta Prince Royce <3
PreteriteA definite time in the past with a beginning and/or endingEstoes el preterito!Preterite Song
Trigger WordsAyer: yesterdayAnteayer: day before yesterdayA lasocho: at 8 o’clockEl miercoles: on WednesdayEl día anterior: the day beforeEl lunespasado: last MondayEl fin de semanapasado: last weekendAyer por la mañana: yesterday morningEl otrodía: the other dayUnavez: one time/onceEstatarde: this afternoonEstanoche: tonightEstonces: thenDesde el primer momento: from the first momentDurante dos siglos: during two centuriesEn esemomento: in that moment/thenHace dos días: two days ago..
Car, gar, zarIrregularsComenzarTocarTo touchTo beginJugarTo play
Spock VerbsStay in the same conjugationSERShare the same endingIRDARVERBy itselfHACER
ExamplesIRDARSERTo goTo giveTo beVERHACERTo seeTo do/make
Cucaracha VerbsAndar- aduvEstar- estuvPoder- pudPoner- pusQuerer- quisSaber- supTener- tuvVenir- vinConducir-condujProducir- produjTraducir- tradujDecir- dijTraer- traj
SnakesChanges to “I” in 3rd personChanges to “u” in 3rd personEL JEFE
SnakeysStem changing verbs in preterite. Verbs such as leer, creer, and oir change from I to y in 3rd person.creÍcreÍmoscreÍstecreÍsteisCreyócreyeronoÍoÍmosoÍsteoÍsteisOyóoyeronleÍleÍmosleÍsteleÍsteisLeyóleyeronleioCan’t have 3 vowels together!
DOPsAnswers the question what is receiving the direct action of the verb.DOPs are : lo, la, los, las, me, te, nos, seYou have to have a DOP in order to have an IOP, but in a sentence the DOP goes after the IOP.DOPs can hook onto verb in ONLY three instances:InfinitiveVoy a comerlo2. Affirmative commands¡Bébala!3. Gerunds/present progressiveEstoyComiéndolo
CommandsDOP + IOP can attach to an affirmative commandDOP + IOP must go before the negative command areer/ira
IrregularsTVDISHESengo- tengaenir- vengaar- dér- vayaer- seaacer- hagastar- estéaber- sepa
IOPsAnswers to questions of to whom or for whomTo have an IOP you must first have a DOPI gave it to her.DOPIOPverbSe lo di
Se ImpersonalUse ‘se’ to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb.When using se, the verb is always in the 3rd person.Se can be used in all tensesSe vendefruta en la frutería.Aquí se hablaespañol.Se hizo mucho.Se hará mucho.Se habíahecho.

Grammar book

  • 1.
  • 2.
    Table of ContentsSerEstarHacerExpressionsVerbs like gustarPreteriteTrigger WordsCar, Gar, ZarSpock VerbsSnakesSnakeysDOPsCommandsIrregularsIopsSe Impersonal
  • 3.
    Ser¿Que Es?¿De dóndees?¿Comoes?¿Quehoraes?¿Quehace?SER¿Quienes?¿De quienes?¿Cuando/dondees?¿Quediaeshoy?
  • 4.
    ¿Como Estas?Estar¿Como Estas?¿DondeEstas?ESTAR¿ComoEsta?¿QueEstasHaciendo?ar – andoer/ir- endo -yendo
  • 5.
    Hacer ExpressionsPresent tenseSinceand forPreterite tenseagoHace+time+que+verbHacetresdíasquetieneproblemas con pelo de chicoborracho
  • 6.
    Verbs like GustarMegusta Prince Royce <3
  • 7.
    PreteriteA definite timein the past with a beginning and/or endingEstoes el preterito!Preterite Song
  • 8.
    Trigger WordsAyer: yesterdayAnteayer:day before yesterdayA lasocho: at 8 o’clockEl miercoles: on WednesdayEl día anterior: the day beforeEl lunespasado: last MondayEl fin de semanapasado: last weekendAyer por la mañana: yesterday morningEl otrodía: the other dayUnavez: one time/onceEstatarde: this afternoonEstanoche: tonightEstonces: thenDesde el primer momento: from the first momentDurante dos siglos: during two centuriesEn esemomento: in that moment/thenHace dos días: two days ago..
  • 9.
  • 10.
    Spock VerbsStay inthe same conjugationSERShare the same endingIRDARVERBy itselfHACER
  • 11.
    ExamplesIRDARSERTo goTo giveTobeVERHACERTo seeTo do/make
  • 12.
    Cucaracha VerbsAndar- aduvEstar-estuvPoder- pudPoner- pusQuerer- quisSaber- supTener- tuvVenir- vinConducir-condujProducir- produjTraducir- tradujDecir- dijTraer- traj
  • 13.
    SnakesChanges to “I”in 3rd personChanges to “u” in 3rd personEL JEFE
  • 14.
    SnakeysStem changing verbsin preterite. Verbs such as leer, creer, and oir change from I to y in 3rd person.creÍcreÍmoscreÍstecreÍsteisCreyócreyeronoÍoÍmosoÍsteoÍsteisOyóoyeronleÍleÍmosleÍsteleÍsteisLeyóleyeronleioCan’t have 3 vowels together!
  • 15.
    DOPsAnswers the questionwhat is receiving the direct action of the verb.DOPs are : lo, la, los, las, me, te, nos, seYou have to have a DOP in order to have an IOP, but in a sentence the DOP goes after the IOP.DOPs can hook onto verb in ONLY three instances:InfinitiveVoy a comerlo2. Affirmative commands¡Bébala!3. Gerunds/present progressiveEstoyComiéndolo
  • 16.
    CommandsDOP + IOPcan attach to an affirmative commandDOP + IOP must go before the negative command areer/ira
  • 17.
    IrregularsTVDISHESengo- tengaenir- vengaar-dér- vayaer- seaacer- hagastar- estéaber- sepa
  • 18.
    IOPsAnswers to questionsof to whom or for whomTo have an IOP you must first have a DOPI gave it to her.DOPIOPverbSe lo di
  • 19.
    Se ImpersonalUse ‘se’to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of the verb.When using se, the verb is always in the 3rd person.Se can be used in all tensesSe vendefruta en la frutería.Aquí se hablaespañol.Se hizo mucho.Se hará mucho.Se habíahecho.