Este documento describe los diferentes tipos de observación cualitativa. Explica que la observación científica es sistemática y propositiva, buscando proponer nuevas teorías, a diferencia de la observación cotidiana. Bufford Junker propone tres tipos de observación: observador completo, donde los participantes no notan al observador; observador como participante, donde el investigador observa por periodos cortos; y participante completo, donde el investigador se vuelve un miembro del grupo estudiado. La observación debe continuar hasta alcanzar la saturación, cuando lo
A Hybrid Algorithm Using Apriori Growth and Fp-Split Tree For Web Usage Mining iosrjce
Internet is the most active and happening part of everyone’s life today. Almost every business or
service or organization has its website and performance of the site is an important issue. Web usage mining
based on web logs is an important methodology for optimizing website’s performance over the internet.
Different mining techniques like Apriori method, FP Tree methodology, K-Means method etc. have been
proposed by different researchers in order to make the data mining more effective and efficient. Many people
have modeled Apriori or FP Tree in their own way to increase data mining productiveness. Wu proposed
Apriori Growth as a hybrid of Apriori and FP Tree algorithm and improved FP Tree by mining using Apriori
and removed the complexity involved in FP Growth mining. Lee proposed FP Split Tree as a variant of FP Tree
and reduced the complexity by scanning the database only once against twice in FP Tree method. This research
proposes a new hybrid algorithm of FP Split and Apriori growth which combines the positives of both the
algorithms to create a new technique which provides with a better performance over the traditional methods.
The new proposed algorithm was implemented in java language on web logs obtained from IIS server and the
computational results of the proposed method performs better than traditional FP Tree method, Apriori
Method.
An introduction to basic SEO concepts and writing for the web.
If you would like to come to a workshop like this, register for free at: http://www.minttwist.com/events
Sentiment analysis for improving healthcare system for womeniosrjce
The system proposes a feedback mechanism wherein, sentiment analysis is performed from surveys
and tweets based on prevailing health issues among adult women in India and the social opinion on prevalent
health issues is analyzed, and measures are taken to create awareness using email, SMS, blog, forum posts or
web site posts. The system focuses on study of opinions and subjects discussed in the forum. Sentiment analysis
is performed on this genre and if positive emotions are asserted, then awareness programs can be initiated for
Thyroid issues and Stress Control. Periodically current issues are initiated and Sentiment analysis is performed,
consequently awareness initiatives are created. Thereby, helping the performance improvement of healthcare
initiatives. This awareness initiative helps concentrating on current health issues that are widespread and if the
reach of such awareness programs is better, then the awareness created may have high impact amid the middle
aged women
This project is a semester long project for a marketing class. The proposed marketing plan was done for the Inland Valley Humane Society & S.P.C.A on the adoption of Senior Dogs.
Cloud computing is an ever-growing field in today‘s era.With the accumulation of data and the
advancement of technology,a large amount of data is generated everyday.Storage, availability and security of
the data form major concerns in the field of cloud computing.This paper focuses on homomorphic encryption,
which is largely used for security of data in the cloud.Homomorphic encryption is defined as the technique of
encryption in which specific operations can be carried out on the encrypted data.The data is stored on a remote
server.The task here is operating on the encrypted data.There are two types of homomorphic encryption, Fully
homomorphic encryption and patially homomorphic encryption.Fully homomorphic encryption allow arbitrary
computation on the ciphertext in a ring, while the partially homomorphic encryption is the one in which
addition or multiplication operations can be carried out on the normal ciphertext.Homomorphic encryption
plays a vital role in cloud computing as the encrypted data of companies is stored in a public cloud, thus taking
advantage of the cloud provider‘s services.Various algorithms and methods of homomorphic encryption that
have been proposed are discussed in this paper
Empirical studies have revealed that a significant amount of energy is lost unnecessarily in the
network architectures, protocols, routers and various other network devices. Thus there is a need for techniques
to obtain green networking in the computer architecture which can lead to energy saving. Green networking is
an emerging phenomenon in the computer industry because of its economic and environmental benefits. Saving
energy leads to cost-cutting and lower emission of greenhouse gases which are apparently one of the major
threats to the environment. ’Greening’ as the name suggests is the process of constructing network architecture
in such a way so as to avoid unnecessary loss of power and energy due its various components and can be
implemented using various techniques out of which four are mentioned in this review paper, namely Adaptive
link rate (ALR), Dynamic Voltage and Frequency scaling(DVFS), Interface proxying and energy aware
applications and software.
Millennials, Xers and Boomers: How to capitalize on where and when they shop ...Digiday
In this webinar from Slice Intelligence and Digiday, you’ll cut through the stereotypes of online shoppers – from Boomers to Millennials – to understand the similarities and differences between how each generation shops online. We’ll delve into which product categories each generation loves most, when each group prefers to shop, and how the big-box retailers that dominate offline sales are targeting them online.
Digital Transformation @ Forum Media 2013Marvan Shamma
I gave a short talk about the meaning and importance of Digital Transformation for brands and agencies. Digital Transformation is a vital strategic road plan that helps organisations to survive, evolve and to open new market spaces.
A Hybrid Algorithm Using Apriori Growth and Fp-Split Tree For Web Usage Mining iosrjce
Internet is the most active and happening part of everyone’s life today. Almost every business or
service or organization has its website and performance of the site is an important issue. Web usage mining
based on web logs is an important methodology for optimizing website’s performance over the internet.
Different mining techniques like Apriori method, FP Tree methodology, K-Means method etc. have been
proposed by different researchers in order to make the data mining more effective and efficient. Many people
have modeled Apriori or FP Tree in their own way to increase data mining productiveness. Wu proposed
Apriori Growth as a hybrid of Apriori and FP Tree algorithm and improved FP Tree by mining using Apriori
and removed the complexity involved in FP Growth mining. Lee proposed FP Split Tree as a variant of FP Tree
and reduced the complexity by scanning the database only once against twice in FP Tree method. This research
proposes a new hybrid algorithm of FP Split and Apriori growth which combines the positives of both the
algorithms to create a new technique which provides with a better performance over the traditional methods.
The new proposed algorithm was implemented in java language on web logs obtained from IIS server and the
computational results of the proposed method performs better than traditional FP Tree method, Apriori
Method.
An introduction to basic SEO concepts and writing for the web.
If you would like to come to a workshop like this, register for free at: http://www.minttwist.com/events
Sentiment analysis for improving healthcare system for womeniosrjce
The system proposes a feedback mechanism wherein, sentiment analysis is performed from surveys
and tweets based on prevailing health issues among adult women in India and the social opinion on prevalent
health issues is analyzed, and measures are taken to create awareness using email, SMS, blog, forum posts or
web site posts. The system focuses on study of opinions and subjects discussed in the forum. Sentiment analysis
is performed on this genre and if positive emotions are asserted, then awareness programs can be initiated for
Thyroid issues and Stress Control. Periodically current issues are initiated and Sentiment analysis is performed,
consequently awareness initiatives are created. Thereby, helping the performance improvement of healthcare
initiatives. This awareness initiative helps concentrating on current health issues that are widespread and if the
reach of such awareness programs is better, then the awareness created may have high impact amid the middle
aged women
This project is a semester long project for a marketing class. The proposed marketing plan was done for the Inland Valley Humane Society & S.P.C.A on the adoption of Senior Dogs.
Cloud computing is an ever-growing field in today‘s era.With the accumulation of data and the
advancement of technology,a large amount of data is generated everyday.Storage, availability and security of
the data form major concerns in the field of cloud computing.This paper focuses on homomorphic encryption,
which is largely used for security of data in the cloud.Homomorphic encryption is defined as the technique of
encryption in which specific operations can be carried out on the encrypted data.The data is stored on a remote
server.The task here is operating on the encrypted data.There are two types of homomorphic encryption, Fully
homomorphic encryption and patially homomorphic encryption.Fully homomorphic encryption allow arbitrary
computation on the ciphertext in a ring, while the partially homomorphic encryption is the one in which
addition or multiplication operations can be carried out on the normal ciphertext.Homomorphic encryption
plays a vital role in cloud computing as the encrypted data of companies is stored in a public cloud, thus taking
advantage of the cloud provider‘s services.Various algorithms and methods of homomorphic encryption that
have been proposed are discussed in this paper
Empirical studies have revealed that a significant amount of energy is lost unnecessarily in the
network architectures, protocols, routers and various other network devices. Thus there is a need for techniques
to obtain green networking in the computer architecture which can lead to energy saving. Green networking is
an emerging phenomenon in the computer industry because of its economic and environmental benefits. Saving
energy leads to cost-cutting and lower emission of greenhouse gases which are apparently one of the major
threats to the environment. ’Greening’ as the name suggests is the process of constructing network architecture
in such a way so as to avoid unnecessary loss of power and energy due its various components and can be
implemented using various techniques out of which four are mentioned in this review paper, namely Adaptive
link rate (ALR), Dynamic Voltage and Frequency scaling(DVFS), Interface proxying and energy aware
applications and software.
Millennials, Xers and Boomers: How to capitalize on where and when they shop ...Digiday
In this webinar from Slice Intelligence and Digiday, you’ll cut through the stereotypes of online shoppers – from Boomers to Millennials – to understand the similarities and differences between how each generation shops online. We’ll delve into which product categories each generation loves most, when each group prefers to shop, and how the big-box retailers that dominate offline sales are targeting them online.
Digital Transformation @ Forum Media 2013Marvan Shamma
I gave a short talk about the meaning and importance of Digital Transformation for brands and agencies. Digital Transformation is a vital strategic road plan that helps organisations to survive, evolve and to open new market spaces.
La observacion como tecnica de recoleccion de datosMarlu Villanueva
Exposición elaborada por equipo de estudiantes de la Maestría en Evaluación Educacional del IPMJMSM, en junio 2015, relacionada con la Observación: definición, tipos, observación directa, observación participante y guión de observación.
1. Rossana González Araujo 1 B
CÓMO HACER UNA INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA
Álvarez Gayou J.L 2004
OBSERVACIÓN
Desde que existe el ser humano la observación es la base del conocimiento, de
esta manera se pueden descubrir nuevas con solo el hecho de ver detenidamente
cualquier cosa desde cómo es, hasta de que se compone.
Una de las primeras observaciones botánicas de Aristóteles fue en la isla de
Lesbos. Augusto Comte, el fundador de la sociología, señalaba que la observación
era uno de los cuatro métodos medulares de investigación sociológica (junto con
la comparación, el análisis histórico y la experimentación)
Esto punto seria cierto ya que observando nos podemos dar cuenta de
determinadas cosas así fuera la forma de un objeto, de que materiales está
compuesto, su color entre otras cosas, observar es una de las principales
características que los seres vivos tienen,
La diferencia entre la observación cotidiana y la científica radica en que esta última
es sistemática y propositiva, que quiere decir con esto que la científica es la que
se basa en estudios y propone nuevos caminos o en su caso teorías, en la
observación no solo aplica los datos visuales; de hecho participan todos los
sentidos al ser participe los sentidos, Patricia y Peter Adler señalan que la
observación consiste en obtener impresiones del mundo circundante ósea lo que
los rodea por medio de todas las facultades humanas relevantes. Esto requiere
contacto directo con el o los sujetos o de igual forma registrando a los sujetos por
medio de fotografías, grabaciones sonoras o videograbación y estudiándola
posteriormente.
Tradicionalmente se ha hablado, desde el paradigma cuantitativo, de dos tipos de
observación: la no participante y la participante esta última es como si se
observara un video y el investigador no tiene contacto con las personas
observadas, su interpretación de lo que observa lo convierte en participante ya
que al no tener contacto la persona está atento de todo lo que sucede hasta de los
más mínimos detalles.
BUFFORD JUNKER 1960 PROPONE
Observador completo: los participantes no ven ni notan al observador, constituye
el método con más similitud a la observación no participante.
2. Rossana González Araujo 1 B
Esto se podría tomar como ejemplo lo que pasan en televisión así como los
programas de cámara oculta donde las personas actúan de la manera más natural
sin saber que los están observando.
Observador como participante: se refiere al investigador que cumple la función de
observar durante periodos cortos.
Durante los periodos cortos pienso que es solo darse una pequeña idea de lo que
ocurre durante el tiempo que se observe mas no se sabe que pasa más adelante
Participante completo: Este papel de investigación implica que el investigador es
ya un miembro del grupo a estudia la investigación o en el curso de la
investigación se vuelve un miembro con plenos derechos.
Este esta se puede decir en tiempos completos.
a estas categorías anteriores, Paul Arkinson y Martyn Hammersley 1998 agregan
reflexiones adicionales como si todas las personas que ya han sido investigadas
reconocen al investigador. Gregorio Rodríguez Gómez y sus colaboradores 1999
plantean cuatro tipos de observación, a los que llaman sistemas de observación,
basándose en las técnicas y los instrumentos de observación.
La observación pasa por diferentes situaciones, primero se define el lugar donde
se hará esta, esto depende mucho del interés del investigador, también de la
facilidad que tenga el acceder al sitio seleccionado para la observación. Cuando
el observador trabaja solo puede iniciar sin necesidad de esperar a alguien más al
contrario cuando trabaja en equipo deberá entrenar a todo su equipo de trabajo.
La observación deberá continuar hasta que se logre la saturación (B. Glaser y A.
Strauss 1967, citados por P. Adler y P. Adler 1989), es decir cuando lo observado
se repita o a ser igual en cada observación o en cada grupo.
Este punto es interesante ya que tiene sentido ya que las personas comenzamos
a ver observar lo mismo esto se termina.
Las fortalezas de la investigación, según Adler y Adler, son tres:
-La habilidad de afectar lo menos posible el entorno que sea observado, aunque
esto no quiere decir que no se puede adentrar al sitio.
-La emergencia o incorporación de los datos que se obtienen para crear
categorías.
-Combinar la observación con otros métodos.