4. SPOCK dar-to give ver-to see
-i -imos
ir-to go ser-to be
-iste -isteís
fui fuimos
-io -ieron
fuiste fuisteís
ir
fue fueron
hacer-to make or do
hice hicimos
hiciste hicisteís
hito hicieron
6. CUCARACHA
Andar- aduv
Estar- estuv -e
Poder- pud
Poner- pus -iste
endings for all
Querer- quis
Saber- sup -o
Tener- tuv
Venir- vin -imos
Conducir- conduj
Producir- produj -isteis
Traducir- traduj
Decir- dij -ieron
Traer- traj
7. SNAKE & SNAKEY
Snake Snakey
Verbs Verbs
Only changes Only changes
in 3rd person in 3rd person
e>i: pedir,
preferir, competir,
repetir, servir,
i>y: oir
sentir, venir
o>u: dormir and e>y: leer,
morir creer
8. MODAL VERBS
conjugate the modal verb with an infinitive
ir + a + poder + querer + tener que
deber +
infinitive infinitive infinitive + infinitive
infinitive
(going to (are able (want to (to have to
(should do
do to do do do
something)
something) something) something) something)
9. ADVERBS
• Most Spanish adverbs are formed by adding -mente to the
feminine singular form of the adjective. This ending corresponds
to -ly in English.
• Adjective Fem. Form Adverb
• claro clara claramente
• constante constante constantemente
• Difícil difícil difícilmente
Bastante - quite demasiado - too mal - badly mucho – a lot
muy - very nunca - never peor - worse poco - little
siempre - always
12. FUTURE IRREGULARS
decir dir saber sabr
hacer har salir saldr
poder podr tener tendr
poner pondr valer valdr
querer querr venir vendr
13. DEMONSTRATIVES
-always agree in gender and number with the noun they modify
- always come in front of the noun they modify
Singular
• Este/Esta (this)
• Ese/Esa (that)
• Aquel/Aquella (that over
there)
Plural
• Estos/Estas (these)
• Esos/Esas (those)
• Aquellos/Aquellas (those
over there)
*add an accent over the “e” so it can act as a pronoun
14. SUPERLATIVES
• Means something is more/less or most/least
of something.
• Noun + es + mas + (adjective) + que + another Noun
• Caracas es mas mejor que Lima.
15. FORMAL COMMANDS
-AR
to yo form
Drop –o and add -e
-ER
to yo form
Drop-o and add -a
-IR
to yo form
Drop –o and add -a
16. PREPOSITIONS
_ a - at, to
ante - before, compared to
bajo - under, below
con - with
de - of, about Complex Prepositions
desde - since, from al lado de - beside
durante - during, for antes de - before
en - in, on, into, by cerca de - near, close to
entre - between, among, amongst debajo de - under, underneath
hacia - towards, about, around delante de - in front of
hasta - as far as, up to, until, till dentro de - in, inside, into, within
mediante - by means of después de - after
para - for, to, towards detrás de - behind
por - because of, to, for, by, through encima de - on top of, above
según - according to, depending on enfrente de - front
sin - without lejos de - far away from
sobre - on top
of, over, above, about, upon
tras - behind, after