SISTEMA DE CLORACIÓN - PARA SISTEMA DE AGUA POTABLE VIVIENDA.pptx
Gestión ECDNT Salud Colectiva
1. Haga clic para modificar el estilo de título del patrón
Asignatura: Epidemiología y Gestión de las
enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles
Docente: Dr. Oscar Yépez
Maestría en Epidemiología y Salud Colectiva
Paralelo B
Alumno: Sonia
Maricela Dumán
2. Salud Colectiva
• El concepto salud colectiva abarca las tres acepciones o
sentidos en que puede comprenderse la salud:
• la salud como objeto de la realidad
• la salud como sujeto o conjunto de ideas
• la salud como campo de acción o praxis
Tres aspectos interdependientes de un fenómeno que
amerita una comprensión integral.
3. La salud colectiva abarca los
fenómenos que se producen,
observan y afrontan en la
dimensión social o colectiva;
es decir, más allá de las
personas, los procesos
económico- políticos y
culturales de una sociedad,
que imprimen la lógica de la
reproducción social del
conjunto, con sus formas de
metabolismo con la
naturaleza.
4. La salud como proceso complejo, multidimensional, que se
reproduce en tres dimensiones de la vida:
a) La sociedad general, con su lógica de reproducción social
que determina el espacio y contenido de la vida, con los
modos de vivir o enfermar y morir que son característicos
de un tiempo y espacio históricamente determinado, y
que en cada época y territorio, condicionan el grado de
desarrollo de cuatro condiciones vitales que moldean
históricamente la calidad social y los socio-ecosistemas: la
sustentabilidad; la soberanía; la solidaridad y la
bioseguridad).
b) Los grupos o clases sociales particulares con sus modos
de vivir específicos y sus relaciones de género y etno-
culturales
c) Las personas y familias con sus características biológicas,
psicológicas y con sus estilos de vida cotidianos.
5. Énfasis la
formación del
talento
humano en el
campo de la
salud colectiva
en las
universidades
públicas
Sobre la salud de
colectivos, la
medicina
preventiva y
social, la salud
comunitaria y la
salud familiar
SALUD COLECTIVA
La
capacidad
de incidir
sobre los
problemas
de salud de
hoy.
Since the first list of WHO Essential Public Health Functions (EPHFs) were published in 1998, the EPHFs have been a recurring method used by WHO regions, Member States, and other global health actors to help define public health competencies and chart out health system reforms. The EPHF concept emerged during the collapse of health systems in NIS countries, resulting in the deterioration of public health. Concurrently, donors pushed for health systems reform, e.g. downsizing, decentralizing and privatizing health services. EPHF was an attempt to help identify public health priorities for governments in the midst of rapid reform
WHO programs were to develop, test and apply rapid assessment tools for EPHFs for which they were responsible
WHO programs were expected to create practical approaches for strengthening the performance and monitoring of EPHFs for which they were responsible
However, due to changing WHO leadership, the EPHF promotion effort did not continue in HQ after mid-1998
WHO Regional Office Interest: PAHO and WPRO, followed by AFRO and SEARO continued with their own efforts to define EPHF and design assessment tools. There are two relevant experiences from the early 2000s, from the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) and the Western Pacific Regional Office (WPRO).
In the past 10 years (and especially in the past 5), the European Regional Office (EURO) and the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) have also been very active, producing assessment tools and guiding assessments and subsequent reforms in Member States. Common elements across frameworks include surveillance, governance/financing, health promotion, health protection/legislation, research and human resources. More heterogeneity exists around disease prevention, health care, emergency preparedness, social participation and communication
Recent global public health events, including the H1N1 influenza in 2009, the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa in 2014, and the Zika virus in the Americas in 2016, have once again brought the importance of public health—and public health services—centre stage. WHO has recognized the EPHFs as an important contributor to achieving universal health coverage (UHC), while they also align closely with sustainable development goals (SDGs and integrate key lines of action underpinning global health security, including surveillance and the implementation of the International Health Regulations (IHR).