2. Disponibilidad Oxigeno
Centrales
Gasto Cardiaco
PaO2
Hemoglobina
Periféricos
Distribución de GC en
tejidos
○ Regulación
microcirculación
(Humoral, Autonómico,
Local)
○ Afinidad
Hemoglobina
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
3. Formulas
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
11. Un VO2 idéal no garantiza una adecuada
circulacion a cada celula
Pero es un requisito! La
macrocirculación debe ser estabilizada
antes de considerar la microcirculation.
Considerar siempre el balanceConsiderar siempre el balance
EntreEntre Vo2 actual y el requerido.Vo2 actual y el requerido.
1. Fundamentos Hemodinamico
Gattinoni L et al, In: Pinsky & Payen ed.
Functional hemodynamic monitoring.
Springer 2005. p. 70-86.
12. 2. Debemos Monitorizar Vo2
Variable ClaveVariable Clave
VO2 = plateau
Variables DerivadasVariables Derivadas
Descenso Lactato
CO =« Ok »
SvO2 =« Ok »
Variables Derivadas de las DerivadasVariables Derivadas de las Derivadas
Tension Arterial Adecuada
Mejoria Clinica
Valor Pronostico (AUC)Valor Pronostico (AUC)
0.72
0.70
0.54 (0.69)
0.55 (0,68)
0.66
0.66
Squara et al J Crit Care, 1994
VO2 = CO x 1.34 x Hb x (SaO2 – SvO2)
13. 2. Debemos Monitorizar Vo2
Variable ClaveVariable Clave
VO2 = plateau
Variables DerivadasVariables Derivadas
Descenso Lactato
CO = « Ok »
SvO2 = « Ok »
VariablesVariables
Tension Arterial Adecuada
Mejoria Clinica
Interes FisiologicoInteres Fisiologico
Interes del MonitoreoInteres del Monitoreo
14. 2. Debemos Monitorizar
Vo2
Normal CO =2.3 – 3.2 L/min/m2
de acuerdo a edad
CO Alto
Hipermetabolismo
Anemia
Hipoxemia
Mala Utilizacion/Difusion de Oxigeno
CO Bajo
Hipometabolismo, Anestesia
Hipovolemia, Hipertension
Falla Cardiaca
Normal SvO2 = 68 – 74%
SvO2 > 75%
Hipometabolismo, Anestesia General
Shunts Hiperdinamicos
Bloqueo Mitocondrial (metabolico)
SvO2 < 68%
Hipermetabolismo
Anemia
Hipoxemia
Bajo CO Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
15. 2. Debemos Monitorizar
Vo2
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
16. 4 tipos de falla circulatoria
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
17. 2. Debemos Monitorizar Vo2
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
18. 22
33
44
0.820.82 0.760.76 0.70.7 SvOSvO22
COCO
Si Hb y Sao2Si Hb y Sao2
EstableEstable
Choque SepticoChoque Septico
Choque CardiogenicoChoque Cardiogenico
5500
110000
115500 220000
Valor BasalValor Basal
VOVO22
Disoxia (O2 aportado limita actDisoxia (O2 aportado limita act
metabolica)metabolica)
2. Debemos Monitorizar
Vo2
33 44 55 Ca-vOCa-vO22
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl
19. 3. Extracción de Oxigeno
Calculo:
VO2/DO2
CaO2-CvO2/CaO2
Normal: 0.2 a 0.3
Bajo Aporte: 0.4 a
0.5
Fraccion de O2
liberada desde la
microcirculación y
consumino por
tejidos
Balance entre
DO2/VO2
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
20. 3. Extracción de Oxigeno
En deportistas, Extracion de hasta 80%
Ajustes en extracción mantienen VO2 aun
cuando DO2 es variable
DO2 Critico:
Punto en el cual VO2 depende de DO2
○ Disoxia (O2 limita Energia)
Vincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
21. Conclusion
Considerar
Equivales VO 2 medido con requerido
VO2 equivale a O2 requerido:
1. Estado Clinico Mejora
2. Disminuye el Lactato
3. CO y SvO2 se encuentran en valores
empiricamente esperados deacuerdo a las
necesidades estimadas
4. VO 2 alcanza una mesetaVincent Caille, Pierre Squara, Oxygen uptake-to-delivery relationship: a way to assess
adequate flow, Critical Care 2011, 10(Suppl 3): S4 (doi:10.1186/cc4831)
22. Guia resumen
VO2 = Objetivo cuantitativo
confiable
OK, si lactato baja, tension
Arterial mejor y presenta un
Mejor estado clinico
CO y SvO2 en rangos
Cuantitativos estimados
normales
Ok
Resucitado
pero inestable
Choque
Persistente
Notas del editor
Why we need flow monitoring ?
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
The fundamental function of the circulatory system is to allow each cell to produce enough energy for metabolic activity that means to bring them enough nutrients and enough oxygen.
Although circulation is necessary to bring both nutrients and oxygen to cells, in critical care situations, the limiting factor for life is most often oxygenation.
Then, a whole body VO2 equal to needs is not a guarantee that circulation (or ventilation or oxydation) is adequate for each cell
But it is a pre-requisite ! Macro circulation must be stabilized before looking at the micro circulation.
This statement is at a theoretical level. This is not a call to always measure VO2 and needs. But clinicians must keep in mind the concept of balance between theoretical needs and actual performance.
Assuming that Hb is normal and stable and that SaO2 is stable, exactly the same relationship can be found replacing Ca-vO2 by SvO2
Then the position of the patient in the nomogram can be now continuously monitored.
For a diagnostic objective that enough. But for a therapeutic objective, this nomogram gives no idea of the needs.