Recomendados
Más contenido relacionado
La actualidad más candente
La actualidad más candente (20)
Destacado
Destacado (20)
Similar a Neuro pediatrica montes
Similar a Neuro pediatrica montes (20)
Último
Último (9)
Neuro pediatrica montes
- 3. Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) What is it? SBS is a medical term used to describe the injuries that can result if a baby is violently shaken. Violent shaking is one of the most devastating forms of child abuse. draft
- 5. Brain movement inside the skull draft
- 6. Signs that a baby has been shaken Broken bones Unusual crying Sleepiness Pale or bluish skin Vomiting or refusing to eat Not breathing Unconscious draft
- 16. 1) Histología: Se basa en la Clasificación de laWorld Health Organization en la que se consideran cuatro grupos que, para los niños, quedaría resumida en astrocitomas, meduloblastomas/tumores neuroectodérmicos primitivos (PNET), ependimomas, craneofaringiomas, tumores de células germinales y de plexos coroideos en orden decreciente de frecuencia
- 18. 2) Localización: En los niños predominan los tumores de localización infratentorial frente a las localizaciones supratentoriales que son mayoritarias en adultos. Aproximadamente el 50% de los tumores son infratentoriales (astrocitoma cerebeloso, meduloblastoma, ependimoma y glioma de tronco); el 20% son selares o supraselares (craneofaringioma, gliomas quiasmático, talámico e hipotalámico y germinomas); y el 30% restante de localización hemisférica (astrocitomas, oligodendroglioma, PNET, ependimoma, meningioma, tumores de plexos coroideos, tumores de la región pineal y tumores de extirpe neuronal o mixta).
- 19. 3) Extensión: Tienen más propensión a diseminarse por el espacio subaracnoideo los meduloblastomas, ependimomas y germinomas. Si la neuroimagen cerebral sugiere uno de estos tipos, es importante realizar una RNM medular con gadolinio, antes de la cirugía, así como analizar el LCR: citología, glucosa y proteínas.
- 20. 1. Síndrome de hipertensión intracraneal. 2) Signos de focalización 3) Crisis convulsivas 4) Alteraciones endocrinas 5) Coma de instauración súbita 6)Trastornos del comportamiento
- 22. Causas de hidrocefalia congénita Estenosis acueductal 33% Mielomeningocele (Arnodl Chiari) 28% Hidrocefalia comunicante 22% Malformación DandyWalker 7% Otros 10% J.Volpe. Neurology of the New Borne. 3a edicion, 31-35, 1994
- 24. MMC
Notas del editor
- Narrative Shaken Baby Syndrome is a term used to describe the serious injuries that can result if a baby is violently shaken. Violent shaking causes a baby’s head to whip back and forth. This motion can cause blood vessels in the brain and eyes to tear and bleed. Compared to adults and older children, babies have fragile and undeveloped brains. Babies’ heads are heavy and their neck muscles are weak; this is why their heads require support whenever you pick them up or carry them. Half of SBS victims are less than 6 months old. Older babies and young children are also at high risk because their skulls are further developed, and their soft spot is fused closed. If the baby’s brain is bruised by shaking, there is no way for the skull to expand to allow for the swelling. Older children have been shaken and seriously harmed up to the age of 6. Children with developmental disabilities are at high risk for SBS longer than normally developing children.
- Narrative These photos of a doll show how an infant’s head moves when violently shaken. Notice how far forward and backward the head moves. The weight of the infant’s head, weak neck muscles and the size difference between the adult and the infant all contribute to the effect. The shaking has its most serious effects on the brain because different parts of the brain move at different speeds in different directions. This can cause tearing or shearing of the different layers of the brain resulting in damage to the brain cells. Activity For this activity you will need:. An egg in a clear, plastic, covered bowl with a small amount of room at the top for air OR a covered, plastic bowl of jello. A timer that can measure seconds. Discuss some of the falling accidents that occur with babies. Include falling from a couch, a bed or a changing table. Use the slide to demonstrate the dramatic movement of the infant’s head during shaking vs the relatively minor movement during a fall. Explain that the egg in the bowl represents the baby’s brain inside of the skull. The plastic bowl is the hard skull. The egg is the delicate brain tissue. When an infant is born, there is space between the skull and the brain so that the brain isn’t damaged during the birthing process, and that’s what the air space within the bowl represents. The large skull also allows room for the baby’s brain to grow. Recruit a student volunteer. Ask the student to shake the egg as hard as s/he can for 2 seconds, then 5 seconds, then 10 seconds. Compare the egg prior to shaking to the egg after each subsequent period of shaking. Discuss how the consistency of the egg has changed and how it is impossible to get the egg back to its original form.
- Narrative This is a diagram of how an infant’s brain moves inside her head when she is shaken. The shaking has its most serious effects on the brain because different parts of the brain move at different speeds and in different directions. The brain not only moves back and forth but it also moves from side to side. The brain inside the skull moves faster than the skull much like the egg moved inside the hard bowl. This can cause tearing of the different layers of the brain resulting in damage to the brain cells. The most common injuries of SBS are: bleeding in the space between the brain and the skull swelling of the brain bleeding in the retinas in the back of the eyes
- Narrative When a baby is shaken, the most serious effect is on the brain, but sometimes bones in the ribs, arms or legs will also be broken. Many babies have injuries to their brains without having broken bones. Sometimes there will be bruising to the baby’s head but most often there won’t be any external signs that the baby was shaken. Most of the damage will be to the baby’s brain. Other signs that a baby has been shaken are: Crying that sounds different from the baby’s usual cry, often a high pitched cry, or crying at times that the baby is usually calm Sleepiness when the baby is usually awake Vomiting or refusing to eat Pale or bluish skin Not breathing or having a hard time breathing Unconsciousness In most cases there won’t be external signs on the head that the infant was shaken. Please remember that these are important signs to watch for in an infant, but they do not necessarily mean that the baby has been shaken. Even Doctors often have a hard time diagnosing SBS. Other illnesses can also cause many of these symptoms. If you notice any of these signs or anything else that seems unusual, don’t be afraid to seek medical help and report what you have observed.